Selenium is developed by Jasson Huggins in 2004. The jasson uses manual testing for testing the software but after some time noticed that the reputation of testing is very time consuming and inefficient so he decided to make a javascript program that runs automatically on the application to find the defects from it. This javascript program was first named as JavaScriptTestRunner after it was renamed Selenium core.

Selenium is nothing but an automation testing framework. Selenium is the automation testing tool that supports multiple languages like Java, c#, .net, python, Perl, Ruby, etc. You can write the script using any of the languages given above. Selenium is open source automation software and it is very user-friendly.

Selenium consists of a number of tools like Selenium integrated development  Environment, WebDriver, selenium grid, and Selenium remote control.

Selenium Architecture:

Communication between browsers and languages is done by Selenium API. It is a very popular automation tool.

The components of selenium architecture:

1)Selenium Client Library /  Language Binding

2)JSON Protocol

3)Browsers Driver

4)Drivers

1)Language Binding:

Language binding is nothing but the languages that can be used in the selenium scripts. Language like Java, .net, C#, Python, Ruby, Perl, etc. The language binding is communicating with the server.

2)JSON Protocol:

JSON Protocol helps the communication between language binding and the Browser driver. Whenever the program is written in the script of selenium. Then this command is forwarded in the form of JSON protocol or rests API to drivers. The protocol is in the form of a URL.

3)Browser Drivers:

Each browser contains a special separate driver. When the browser driver gets the command the driver converts it into some internal logic and executes it on the respected browser. And the response is to get back in the form of an HTTP response.

Browsers:

Selenium supports multiple browsers like Firefox, chrome, safari, opera, Edge, etc.

1)It is an open-source automation tool. It is widely used in the industry to test applications to find defects in the application.

2)It supports most programming languages like Python, java, c#, .net, Ruby, Perl, etc.

3)Selenium supports multiple operating systems like Windows, Mac, Linux, UNIX, and many more,

4)Selenium supports multiple browsers with the help of the browser drivers. Browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Opera, and Safari.

5)Selenium supports constant updates and upgrades.

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